Clinical, epidemiological and histological characterization of laryngeal carcinoma. 10 year retrospective review January 2011 - 2022

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Laryngeal cancer is the second most frequent neoplasm of the upper aerodigestive tract after carcinoma of the oral cavity. Most of these tumors are squamous cell carcinomas, which represent 85 to 95% of all neoplasms of the larynx. OBJECTIVE: To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with laryngeal cancer who attended the head and neck surgery consultation between January 2011 and January 2022. METHODS: Observational, descriptive, retrospective study. RESULTS: A total of 42 patients diagnosed with laryngeal carcinomas were included. The distribution by sex of the patients, for the male sex representing 88.1% of the stories and the remaining 11.9% for the female sex with 37 and 5 cases respectively. Of the psychobiological habits, the presence of smoking in 30 patients (71.4%) and 26 of them with accentuated OH (61.9%). The associated symptoms were dysphonia in 38 patients (90.5%), followed by the presence of adenopathies in 9 patients (21.4%) and the presence of dysphagia to solids was reported in 6 patients (14.3 %). The distribution of laryngeal carcinomas according to their histology is divided into 37 (88%) squamous carcinomas, 2 (5%) verrucous carcinomas, 2 (5%) polyps and finally 1 (2%) as papilloma’s CONCLUSION: Generally, the patient’s profile with laryngeal cancer is male, approximately 60 years of age, with marked psychobiological habits of smoking and alcohol, with dysphonia being the predominant symptom.