Concordance between ADC value and O-RADS MRI score with anatomopathological result in patients with ovarian pathology, case series

Abstract

The study analyzes the relationship between the imaging parameters obtained by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)—the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and the O-RADS MRI score—with histopathological diagnoses in women with ovarian masses. This is a cross-sectional, observational clinical study conducted between 2021 and 2024 at the Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad and the Instituto Médico La Floresta, with a sample of 21 patients.

Of the total cases, 86% presented benign lesions and 14% malignant lesions. ADC values lower than 1.0 × 10⁻⁴ mm²/s were mainly associated with malignant epithelial tumors, while higher values mostly corresponded to benign lesions. Regarding the O-RADS MRI classification, scores of 1 to 3 correlated with benign results, and 4 to 5 with malignant lesions, showing a high capacity to discriminate between both groups.

A significant concordance was observed between the imaging findings and the anatomopathological results, confirming the utility of ADC and the O-RADS MRI score as complementary tools for the preoperative stratification of ovarian malignancy risk. However, some benign tumors—such as mature teratomas and a serous cystadenoma—presented suspicious characteristics in the images, indicating the need for a more careful interpretive evaluation. It is recommended to expand the sample in future research to consolidate the sensitivity and specificity of these parameters.